| Genuine conflict resolution programs require two major components: the principles of conflict resolution (separate the people from the problem; focus on interests, not positions; invent options for mutual gain; and use objective criteria as the basis for decision-making) and a problem-solving process (negotiation, mediation, or consensus decisionmaking). The conflict resolution processes are characterized by a series of steps that enable the disputants to identify their own needs and interests and to work cooperatively to find solutions to meet those needs and interests. Each process gives support and direction to the cooperative effort, assisting the parties to stay focused on the problem rather than on each other and to find a mutually acceptable resolution. In addition, genuine conflict resolution education programs include extensive training and practice using the principles and problem-solving processes of conflict resolution.
The six steps in each problem-solving process are:
- Set the stage.
- Gather perspectives.
- Identify interests.
- Create options.
- Evaluate options.
- Generate agreement.
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